Mission SMOS au Centre d'Etudes Spatiales de la BIOsphère (CESBIO)

available at the Microrad2010 website Thank you for helping to advertise.

available at the Microrad2010 website
Thank you for helping to advertise.

PROJECT DOCUMENTS

The Outline Proposal (9/1998)
SMOS Mission requirements document (262K)
SMOS System requirements document (2/2001)
Campaign requirement (3/2001)
SMOS Pixel geometry (506K)
The Full Proposal (11/1998)

Other documents of interest

Soil Moisture Prototype Processor Development (SMPPD) Preliminary report for forests - A large scale approach to estimate L band emission from forest covered surfaces (21/02/2006)
Generation of a maximum yearly LAI database for forests (10/03/2006)
SMOS Calibration issues (95K ) (3/2001)
Faraday Rotation and L-band Oceanographic Measurements - Niels SKOU 364 K
Modeling approaches to assimilating observations over land surfacesL band passive microwave , J.P. Wigneron et al.425 K
Reprints IEEE 1115K
Global soil moisture retrieval from a synthetic L-band brightness temperature data set - T. Pellarin et al. 21192 K
Stage Sylvia Juglea (30/06/2007) : Etude de l'humidité du sol à partir des données AMSR-E et SMMR dans le cadre de la préparation à la mission SMOS

CBSA

2008	CBSA	SMOS OPS preparatory optimisation note. - SO-TN-CBSA-SYS-0006-02.a - (31/10/2008)
	CBSA	Binding list propagation scheme for preparing ECMWF grib for SML2PP processor - SO-TN-CBSA-GS-0019 (11/7/2008)
	CBSA	SMOS OPS preparatory optimisation note. - SO-TN-CBSA-SYS-0006-01.b - (28/7/2008)
2007	CBSA	Pixel geometry for a tilted, space borne interferometricRadiometer (SO-TN-CBSA-GS-0016 Issue: 1.a (31/10/2007 )
2007		Overall System Performance Synthesis Report (SO-TN-CESBIO-SYS-1184) - 31/01/2007
2006	CBSA	Algorithm validation plan for SMOS level 2 SMPPD / SO-TN-CBSA-GS-0015 / draft 1.g (09/11/06)
	CBSA	Preliminary statistics on SLOS land working areas (4/2006)
	CBSA	Impact of the variable angular apodization function on galactic contribution (06/04/2006)
	CBSA	Flagging the topographic impact on the SMOS signal (15/03/2006)
	CBSA	SMOS L2 processor discrete flexible fine grid definition (1/2006)
2005	CBSA	ECMWF DATA Requirements For level 2 SM processor (7/2005)
	CBSA	Approximating the weighting function to be used in the SMOS L2 processor (6/2005)
	CBSA	Coverage loss due to calibration periods (3/2005)
2004	CBSA	SMOS level 2 processor high level requirements (7/2004)
	CBSA	SMOS Level 3 & 4 data User Model (7/2004)
	CBSA	Brightness temperature products for browsing (7/2004)
	CBSA	SMOS geolocation natural targets (9/2004)
	CBSA	Radiometric biases when using a wide beam radiometer (9/2004)
	CBSA	Summary note on SMOS calibration issues (3/2004)
	CBSA	Overall system performance synthesis report (5/2004)
2003	CBSA	Note on SMOS calibration and validation (10/2003) (540K)
	CBSA	Mission products and data processing requirements for SMOS (3/2003)
	CBSA	Note on suggested archival scheme for SMOS’level 3 and higher (4/2003)

CESBIO contribution to the activities of the "Centre Aval de Traitement et des Données SMOS" (CATDS)

The CATDS (Centre Aval de Traitement et des Données SMOS) is split in three parts :

C-PDC Production Center : produce and dissaminate L3/L4 data (l’IFREMER de Brest)

C-EC SM Expertise Center dedicated to « Soil Moisture » (CESBIO, Toulouse)

C-EC OS Expertise Center dedicated to « ocean salinity » (IFREMER, Brest )

downlod CATDS logos

CNES is in charge of the CATDS, this center is dedicated to :

• Product and disseminate SMOS L3/L4 products
• Reprocess SMOS L3/L4 products when necessary
• Develop, test and validate the SMOS L3/L4 processing chains, in close cooperation with the scientific community (improvement of the processing chains)

Interfaces

♦ Data Processing Ground Segment (DPGS) = ESA Center for L1 data production
♦ Users :

• Send services/information requests
• Receive L3/L4 data (network and media) and services

♦Auxiliary data providers, Main auxiliary data provider is the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF);
♦Scientific community : provides expertise with the means provided by the center (C-EC) :

• mock-up (algorithm test)
• specify the "algorithm theoritical baseline document" (ATBD)
• test and evaluation on SMOS data to C-EC

♦ C-PDC / C-EC : expertise and production centers.

Industry implication :

- System architecture : groupement ATOS Origin – GFI Informatique
- Processing chains : consortium CAP-Gemini Sud et ACRI-ST

Cooperations

♦ IFREMER will host the Data Production Centre in the CERSAT (=Centre ERS d'Archivage et de Traitement)

♦ CESBIO will host the SM Expertise Centre; and will deliver the L3+L4 algorithms specifications and mock-up (with the help of the other laboratories involved in L3/L4 SM)

♦IFREMER will host the OS Expertise Centre; and will deliver the L3+L4 algorithms specifications and mock-up (with the help of the other laboratories involved in L3/L4 OS)

♦Spain will develop CP34, another ground-segment dedicated to SMOS L3+L4 products processing

Level 2 Processor

The Soil Moisture Expert Support Laboratories (ESL) - consisting of 5 different laboratories :

1 the LI group with CESBIO and IPSL SA
2 the University of Roma
3 the Reading University
4 the INRA EPHYSE in Bordeaux

has been selected by Europeen Space Agency (ESA) to develop the Soil Moisture Level 2 processor
with array systems (Canada). The objective is to deliver three main items for the development of the SMOS
level 2 processor. These 3 elements are:

- the algorithm theoretical basis document (atbd)
- the algorithm validation plan, and
- the generation and conditioning of auxiliary data.

For this purpose we are pooling an expertise so as to ensure an efficient and
seamless transfer of knowledge to industry selected independently by ESA.

SMOS level 2 Processor for Soil Moisture ATBD (Algorithm Theoretical Based Document) Prepared by the Expert Support Laboratories CESBIO, IPSL-Service d’Aéronomie,INRA-EPHYSE, Reading University, Tor Vergata University For Array Systems Computing Inc. Issue 3.a Date 05/12/2007
SMOS level 2 processor Soil moisture ATBD (31/08/2006)
SMOS level 2 processor for soil moisture - Algorithm Theoretical Based Document (ATBD) - Prepared by the Expert Support Laboratories (15/03/2006)
Algorithm Theoretical Based Document (ATBD) Date: 15/01/2006
SMOS SSS L2 ATBD (Draft issue 4, 3 Oct.. 2005)
"coordinated answer to the scientific contribution to the SMOS soil moisture prototype processor development" Date 29/09/2004

L band Radiometer for Estimating Water In Soils " (LEWIS)

One aim of this radiometer, as a preparation for the SMOS mission, is to validate root zone soil moisture from brightness temperature measurements.To achieve this goal the "L band Radiometer for Estimatingring Water In Soils " ( LEWIS) was designe, built and tested. The instrument is dedicated to the analysis of :
- special events such as frost, dew.......
- to test and improve the algorithms used for estimating surface and root zone soil moisture from multi-angular dual-polarized brightness temperature measurements using assimilation techniques..

To achieve this goal, a test site was selected near Toulouse and equipped with ground mesurements over two surface types (bare soil and fallow grass).

A large structure holding the L- band radiometer was erected and equipped with automatic pointing and data collection devices. The radiometer is now operational. LEWIS"L band Radiometer
High Quality Ground based radiometer1.4 GHz, H & Vsensitivity 0.1 K Stability < 0.05K main lobe 12.5 @3db, 22° beam efficiency 0.986 No « visible » back lobes ONERA/CESBIO Operational since 23/1/2003
Design and Test of the Ground-Based L band Radiometer for Estimatingring Water In Soils ( LEWIS)	LIRE
Diurnal cycle : Dual polarized brightness temperature over two surface types (bare soil and fallow grass).	VOIR

Useful links

The ESA living planet programme Home page

ESA : for the ESA SMOS site

The SMOS missio main steps on the CNES web site

Site web d'EADS/CASA

Site web d'Alcatel Alenia Space

Site web des Lanceurs ROCKOT

Site web d'ACRI

Site web d'ARRAY

data sets

The NSIDC page : for passive microwave data and Snow and Ice data

The Global Soil Wetness project Page for the existing soil wetness data and research

Global soil Moisture Data Bank for soil moisture data sets

Other data sets of interest from USDA Remote Sensing of Soil Moisture, hydrology experiment...

Experiment and Mission

The Hydros page : for the other Soil moisture mission (NASA ESSP)

The GEWEX page : for the Global Energy an Water Experiment

the Aquarius page : for the other Sea Salinity mission (NASA ESSP)

MDB and NAFE Experiment : for the next SMOS campaign (CoSMAus)

Other sites...

Hydrologie Laboratory Hydrology and Remote Sensing Laboratory (USDA)

AMSR page : for the existing almost low frequency radiometer

The Sea Salinity International Working Group Final Report of the First Workshop, february1998.

Mission characteristics

The SMOS mission was born from the conjonction of new technological developments (ASTRIUM/MMS-DASA, CASA) and the modeling needs for meteorological prediction.

The proposed instrument is based on a L-band interferometric radiometer (passive microwave, 1.4GHz) with an average spatial resolution of 43 km (30 to 50 depending on the view angle) and a repetition of 3 days at the equator (only ascending orbits). The instrument concept is very original (VLBI, used by astrophysicists) and it benefits from the experience acquired during the development of an airplane- mounted version : MIRAS (for the preparation of the ESA mission). The instrument can be placed on a PROTEUS-type mini-satelllite platform.

The CATDS (Centre Aval de Traitement des Données) is in phase B ( levels 3 & 4).

Mission Context

The SMOS mission does not have any competition for the moment, ISIS (NASA), HYDROSTAR (NASA) et MIRAS (ESA) projects have not been selected. American teams are lending strong support to the SMOS project.

Currently two projects are selected by NASA:
1. Aquarius which will measure ocean salinity with a precision of 0.2 PSU over a surface of 200X200 km2 every 10 days (the satellite repetition is 8 days with a long track of 300 km and a spatial resolution of 100 km)
2. HYDROS which will measure surface soil humidity with a repetition of 3 days and a resolution of 40 km and a precision of 4% vol.

These two projects are based on L-band radiometers and an active system in L-band. In comparison, SMOS will provide both the ocean surface salinity (0.1 PSU over 200x 200 km2 every 10 days), and the superficial humidity (4% vol every3 days with an average spatial resolution of 43 km). The originality of SMOS comes from directional measurements used in order to determine the vegetation water content.

SMOS REX		Surface Monitoring Of Soil Reservoir EXperiment
L'expérience de terrain SMOSREX (Surface Monitoring Of Soil Reservoir EXperiment) est conduite dans la cadre de la préparation à la future mission satellitale SMOS (Soil Moisture and Ocean Salinity). SMOSREX consiste à utiliser simultanément : (1) la télédétection multi-spectrale (bande L, IRT, PIR, VIS), (2) des mesures terrain (météo, sol, végétation) (3) des modèles de processus de surface et de transfert radiatif. SMOSREX (2003-2005) planifiée pour trois ans, permet de considérer une large gamme de onditions météorologiques, hydrologiques, phénologiques ainsi que leurs interactions. Le site expérimental est situé sur le complexe de l'ONERA (43°23'N, 1°17'E, altitude 188m altitude), environ 30km au sud de Toulouse. SMOSREX est conduite en partenariat avec le CNRM, l'ONERA et l'INRA-Bordeaux et est partie intégrante du programme PIRRENE : Programme Interdisciplinaire de Recherche sur la Radiométrie en Environnement Extérieur Conduite conjointement avec la campagne aéroportée CoSMOS en 2005, SMOSREX permet de considérer tant les questions théoriques liées à la télédétection de l'humidité du sol, que ses applications de la pour la modélisation. Les objectifs de cette campagne de terrain sont donc multiples (1) d'une part de développer et d'améliorer les algorithmes direct et inverse en bande L, (2) d'autre part d'étudier l'apport de la télédétection de l'humidité des sols pour la compréhension et la modélisation des processus d'interaction sol-plante-atmosphère.
		Etude des effets de la rugosité sur l'émission en bande-L du sol nu MIALON Arnaud, WIGNERON Jean-Pierre, DEROSNAY Patricia, Escorihuela M.-J.KERR Yann Présentation poster à la conférence : MICRORAD 2008, Florencia, Italy - abstract
		Escorihuela, MJ and Kerr, YH and de Rosnay, P. and Wigneron, J.P. andCalvet, J.C. and Lemaitre, F., 2007. A Simple Model of the Bare Soil Microwave Emission at L-Band, Geosc. Remote Sens., vol.45 (n7 Part 1),p 1978-1987. abstract
		de Rosnay P., Calvet J.-C., Kerr Y., Wigneron J.-P., Lemaître F., Escorihuela M.J., Muñoz-Sabater J., Saleh K., Barrié J., Bouhours G., Coret L., Cherel G., Dedieu G., Durbe R., Fritz N.E.D., Froissard F., Hoedjes J., Kruszewski A., Lavenu F., Suquia D., Waldteufel P. : "SMOSREX: A Long Term Field Campaign Experiment for Soil Moisture and Land Surface Processes Remote Sensing" Remote Sensing of Environment, 102, 377-389, 2006 doi:10.1016/j.rse.2006.02.021
		EGU workshop report - April 27, 2005 - Vienna : 1 - introduction 2 - A Brief Overview of Passive Microwave Experiments over Land - 3 - SMOSREX: A Long Term Field Campaign Experiment for Soil Moisture and Land Surface Processes Remote Sensing. 4 - L-Band Radiometry Experiments with ELBARA 5 - NAFE - National Airborne Field Experiment 6 - Assimilation: field and airborne campaigns SMOSMANIA
		SMOS Rex Case Study : Determination of the effective Temperature for L-band Radiometry, (EGU-2004) P. de Rosnay, T. Holmes., J.P. Wigneron Y. Kerr, J.C. Calvet, M.J. Escorihuela, K. Saleh, F. Lemaître
	ppt	SMOSREX : Surface Monitoring Of the Soil Reservoir EXperiment Experiment design and results (EGU-2004) M.J. Escorihuela, P. de Rosnay, Y. Kerr, J.C. Calvet, F. Lemaitre, J.P. Wigneron, J.P. Waldteufel, N.E.D. Fritz
		Télédétection de l'humidité des sols. Présentation de l'expérience SMOSREX P. de Rosnay, Y. Kerr, J.C. Calvet, F. Lemaître, M.J. Escorihuela, J.P. Wigneron
		Expérience SMOSREX Télédétection de l'humidité des sols P. de Rosnay, Y. Kerr, J.C. Calvet, F. Lemaître, R. Duirbe, J.P. Wigneron, M.J. Escorihuela, N.E.D. Fritz, F. Lavenu, T. Holmes
		Préparation de la mission SMOS Extraction de l'Humidité du soll à partir des données LEWIS- Maria José Escorihuela (juin 2003) DEA MICROONDES ET TRANSMISSION OPTIQUE

TECHNICAL NOTES

These technical notes are intended to those who want
to get a deeper insight of the SMOS system.

They cover instrument characteristics (FOV), retrieval
accuracies, perturbations and more should come!

They were all written by Philippe Waldteufel.

Radiometric sensitivity of SMOS

SMOS Field of View

L Band Salinity retrieval: SST and receiver effects

L Band Salinity retrieval:Sky and optical thickness effects

Faraday Rotation

CoSMOS- 2

Due to last minutes lack of availability of the 1st CoSMOS campaign in the south-west of France, ESA decided to organize an airborne campaign at the same time and at the same place of National Airborne ield Experiment (NAFE)

CoSMOS-2 took place in Australia from 31 October to 25 November. Following the cancellation of CoSMOS-1, scheduled for March / April 2005, CoSMOS-2 has been developed to enable validation of the SMOS soil moisture prototype processor at the start of 2006.

The airborne components of the campaignwas the Aero Commander 500S Shrike aircraft that was installed with the EMIRAD L-band radiometer developed by the Technical University of Denmark. In-situ soil moisture and ancillary measurements were provided by the instrumentation established in the Goulburn River Basin , where an excellent variety of semi-arid vegetation and soil types are to be found.

flight plans for cosmos(8/2005)

Mission objectives

The scientific objective of this mission is to obtain a better estimate of the spatio-temporal water budget at the global scale and ocean/atmosphere interactions.

Over continental surfaces, it is necessary to estimate the soil surface humidity for global circulation models and boundary conditions for large hydrological models. Sensitivity analyses show the importance of knowing a precise value on the soil surface humidity for precipitation field reconstruction. Moreover, new approaches permit the estimation of the root zone water content. Finally, multi-angular and dual polarization measures from SMOS will allow a quantification of the vegetation water content

Over the oceans, it is necessary to estimate the salinity which is a very important variable for ocean circulation dynamics and for ocean/atmosphere coupling. Currently, no measures of this nature are available on the global scale.

Project status

This project was submitted to ESA by the CESBIO in response to the call for proposals " Earth Explorer Opportunity Missions " in November, 1998.

It was classed second and therefore it was selected. In mid-January 2004, the project passed into phase C/D at ESA. Opportunity mission scheduled for launch in 2009.

Ground Segment : Expert Support Laboratory (ESL) and industry have been selected to prepare prototype for Soil Moisture and Sea Salinity algorithms

The payload of the SMOS instrument has successfully completed this year all certification tests (vibration, acoustics, vacuum ...). The instrument is now ready, SMOS is scheduled for launch in september 2009 for a lifetime of 5 years. The scientists will be able to benefit from these data at the end of this summer. In the meantime, they can now become familiar with the first simulations of SMOS data generated for about forty dates.

Welcome to the submission area for the AO for SMOS Calibration and Validation.

The 1st. Announcement of Opportunity for the SMOS Mission aiming specifically at Calibration and Validation activities is open now. Details are available from: http://eopi.esa.int/smos

You can read some CESBIO responses :

Cal-val SMOS-AMMA

Principal Investigator: Manuela Grippa (CESBIO/CNAP), Thierry Pellarin (Laboratoire d'étude des Transferts en Hydrologie et Environnement, LTHE), Bernard Cappelaere (Hydro Sciences, Montpellier - HSM)

Primary Application Domain: Calibration/Validation
Secondary Application Domain: Hydrology

Title : Multiscale validation of SMOS brightness temperature and products over West Africa

The aim of this project is to use both ground measurements and land surface modeling approaches to compare and validate SMOS products over West Africa in the framework of AMMA project.
more details and results

Cal Val SMOS Murray-Darling Basin : National Airborne ield Experiment (NAFE)

Principal Investigator : Gilles Boulet (CESBIO/IRD)

Primary Application Domain: Calibration/Validation
Secondary Application Domain: Hydrology

The aim of this proposal is to use a combination of gridded airborne L-band brightness temperature, NDVI and surface temperature data and distributed in-situ soil moisture data acquired at the scale of several SMOS pixels during two field experiments in SE Australia (NAFE) to test 1- the SMOS soil-moisture retrieval algorithms (inversion of local soil moisture from airborne brightness temperature data) 2- the SMOS disaggregation algorithms (inversion of local soil moisture from coarse brightness temperature and auxillary remote-sensing data). This proposal falls within the Cal/Val SMOS activities for which a joint proposal with the same objectives is submitted to the adhoc program at ESA, lead by our Australian partners represented by Prof. Jetse Kalma.

more details

website of NAFE

ESA presentation for the CaL-Val

Results of the (COSMOS/NAFE'05 Experiment

Calibration of SMOS products Geolocalisation Biases

Principal Investigator. : Francois Cabot (CESBIO/CNES)

Primary Application Domain: Calibration/Validation

The aim of this study is to deliver a full characterization of on-orbit geolocalisation biases as observables in SMOS products.
more details

CAL-VAL CAROLS (paper in preparation)

The Living Planet Program Soil Moisture and Ocean Salinity (MIRAS on RAMSES)
The SMOS mission was born from the conjonction of new technological developments (CASA EADS et Thales Alenia Space) and the modeling needs for meteorological prediction. The scientific objective of this mission is to obtain a better estimate of the spatio-temporal water budget at the global scale and ocean/atmosphere interactions.
Proposal in answer to the Call for Earth Explorer Opportunity missions L.I. : Yann H. Kerr CESBIO (CNRS-CNES-UPS-IRD)	you can visit the SMOS dedicated pages at the ESA web site	and SMOS pages at the CNES web site

Have a look at the Microrad call for papers. available at the Microrad2010 website Thank you for helping to advertise.	11th Specialist Meeting on Microwave Radiometry and Remote Sensing of the Environment 1-4 March 2010 Washington, DC, USA
Dear Colleagues As SMOS images are starting to float around in a quasi-Brownian way I thought that you were entitled to have a look at what is coming out of this wonderful mission before anyone else. So here are a few pictures, but please remember two things: 1) Those are very preliminary images. They are not calibrated, the reconstruction algorithm is partly running on old, not yet updated, values; we are not sure of the FOV exact limits and so on. This means that they cannot be related to real values whatsoever 2) They are for your eyes only. I would ask you to keep them to yourselves as they are approximate, etc. Now for some explanations (or should I say pseudo-educated guesses). The image of Madagascar was amongst the very first. The instrument was not even totally regulated at the first phase (10°C). The one over Alaska down to Mexico is of good quality; so good, in fact, that François even had a go at retrieving soil moisture. Of course, values do not mean much, but do show the algorithm runs. The global ones over Antarctica and the Arctic also show that it works fine (with all the above-mentioned caveats)! My colleague was flabbergasted to see that the values were close to what he expected! Finally, the standard global ones show much red for which there are many plausible explanations. Here is my first idea (so probably wrong!): untuned reconstruction algo + poor calibration (e.g., Amazon basin, parts of Australia, parts of Africa), sun somewhere where it should not be? RFI. Some are quite obvious (southernmost point of Greenland), which also show some smearing effect which could be reduced once the L1 processor has been tuned and finalised with all the necessary data yet to be collected. There are nevertheless some points where a plausible explanation is a little harder to come by and we are all working on this. In the mean time a great many thanks to the teams in Toulouse (LEOP ) and ESAC for their hard work making these pictures available so quickly. Cheers Yann		1st SMOS images

SMOS in-orbit commissioning

SMOS in-orbit commissioning as been on track since the succesful launch of the satellite on November 2nd, 2009.

Following accurate injection, payload arms deployment and fine tuning of the orbit, the first period was dedicated to PROTEUS bus. Full review of platform capability being conducted, after the instrument was switched on on November 17th, 2009, mission commissioning per se was started.

After a full functional health check of all calibration and acquisition modes, instrument characterisation has begun in sequences, each of which yielding an improvement in data quality.

Only concerns have been with one of the local oscillator, which had to be switched to backup side, and with strong presence of RFI over some specific areas.

Current status is that the instrument is behaving better than expected and studies are being initiated to mitigate RFI impact.

For more information, details in real time on the in-orbit are published on the blog: SMOS_blog

WORKSHOPS
7th SMOS Science Workshop Report October 29-31, 2007 - ESA ESRIN Frascati , Italy

Global Energy and Water Cycle Experiment (GEWEX) workshop May, 2007 - CESBIO, Toulouse, France.

6th SMOS Science Workshop Report. May 15-17, 2006 - TUD Lyngdby


5th SMOS Science Workshop Report- November 29th- December 1st 2004 - Frascati - Italy

4th SMOS Science Workshop Report- April 14th-16th 2003 - Porto - Portugal

3th SMOS Science Workshop Report december 10th-12th, 2001 - Munich - Germany

Second SMOS Science Workshop Report Toulouse 2000

First SMOS Science Workshop Report Barcelona 1999

POSTERS / PHOTOGRAPHS /VIDEO
1st SMOS Brainstorming team at TUD
observing land moisture and salt in the ocean

ISPRS poster-- 699Ko format pdf

poster : SMOS Mission and Water cycle (in french) 453 Ko format pdf

poster :Improved windowing functions for synthetic aperture imaging radiometers 2413 Ko format pdf

poster Distribution of surface soil moisture within a SMOS pixel by multi-spectral analysis 980 Ko format pdf

poster Self characterization of modelling parameters for Synthetic Aperture Imaging Radiometers 2286 Ko format pdf

poster Impact of the fringe washing function on the spatial resolution and on the radiometric sensitivity of the SMOS instrument 1297 Ko format pdf

poster Scaling and assimilation of SMOS data for Hydrology 1035 Ko format pdf

ATBD

SMOS level 2 Processor for Soil Moisture ATBD (Algorithm Theoretical Based Document) Prepared by the Expert Support Laboratories CESBIO, IPSL-Service d’Aéronomie,INRA-EPHYSE, Reading University, Tor Vergata University For Array Systems Computing Inc. Issue 3.a Date 05/12/2007
SMOS level 2 processor Soil moisture ATBD (31/08/2006)
SMOS level 2 processor for soil moisture - Algorithm Theoretical Based Document (ATBD) - Prepared by the Expert Support Laboratories (15/03/2006)
Algorithm Theoretical Based Document (ATBD) Date: 15/01/2006
SMOS SSS L2 ATBD (Draft issue 4, 3 Oct.. 2005)
Coordinated answer to the scientific contribution to the SMOS soil moisture prototype processor development" Date 29/09/2004

SMOS ANIMATION
get here the mpg data file (2168 K)oB

SMOS - scientific and interactive animation
(CESBIO / MIRA Productions)

full resolution image

:5500 x 2800 pixels
(300 dpi)

another one....

3500 x2800 pixels (300 dpi)

SMOS : ESA 's water mission